Writing

My writing is where the research directions outlined under research profile and research directions develop into longer arguments, methodological experiments, research notes, and commentary.

Some pieces belong to larger ongoing projects. Others begin with a paper, a course, a method, or a strategic problem that seems worth pursuing further. Across them, the aim is the same: to connect international politics, strategic analysis, computational methods, and the questions of human judgment.

Research Projects · Research Notes · Methods · Strategy · Commentary · Publications

Featured Projects

Two larger bodies of work currently sit at the centre of my writing.

Featured Project 01 – Human-Machine Strategic Analysis

Human-Machine Strategic Analysis

Human–Machine · AI · Intelligence · Simulation · Strategic Judgment

A series on how human judgment and computational systems can work together in strategic analysis.

The central problem is not whether machines will replace analysts. It is how analytical work should be divided between humans and computational systems when both have different strengths, blind spots, and failure modes.

The series is intended to explore that problem across a set of connected pieces, moving from the limits of human judgment and machine reasoning toward questions of trust, workflow design, simulation, intelligence analysis, and genuinely collaborative human-machine systems.

Featured Project 02 – ABM & NetLogo Handbook

ABM & NetLogo for International Relations

ABM · NetLogo · Simulation · International Relations · Computational Methods

A developing practical and conceptual handbook for using agent-based modelling to study international politics.

The project begins from a simple question: how can researchers and students of international relations work with agent-based modelling without first becoming computer scientists?

It combines practical NetLogo modelling with substantive questions from international relations: emergence, strategic interaction, conflict, cooperation, alliances, escalation, diffusion, networks, and institutional behaviour.

The handbook is deliberately both a learning record and a future resource. As my own modelling develops, the handbook develops with it.


Course-Derived Research Notes

Turning coursework into research questions rather than reproducing course summaries.

Across my studies in political science, global affairs, international politics, and intelligence, I have accumulated notes from a large body of academic literature.

This section is not intended as a collection of conventional course summaries. Instead, I revisit that material selectively and ask what it can contribute to the research directions I am developing now.

A course on the European Union, for example, does not need to produce a note about the EU. Literature from that course might instead inform a piece on network power, economic statecraft, institutional adaptation, strategic autonomy, or the relationship between formal institutions and actual patterns of dependence.

The course is the source material, not necessarily the subject.

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Courses & Literature Archive
This archive lists courses whose readings and notes may feed into future research notes. Inclusion here does not mean that I will write a conventional summary of the course.

International Politics & Global Affairs

The EU as an External Power
Gateway to Global Affairs
Governing a Global World
Power Instruments
Geo-Economics
Peace & Security in Europe
Conflict and Cooperation in International Politics
China, the EU, and the US in the Green Technology Race

Political Science, Theory & Methods

Introduction to Political Science
Introduction to International Relations
Political Psychology
Epistemology
Philosophy of Science
Data Science Applications in Political Science
Statistics and Methods Courses

Intelligence Studies

Introduction to Intelligence Studies
Intelligence in a Changing World
Intelligence and Conflict in the Digital Era
Intelligence Failures
Intelligence and Influence
Intelligence and Policy
Intelligence Revolution
Qualitative Analysis Techniques for Intelligence


Research Extensions

Revisiting earlier papers, proposals, and research ideas as starting points rather than finished products.

Some research directions begin with work I have already completed: a university paper, thesis, research proposal, methodological note, or exploratory analysis.

Rather than treating those pieces as finished artefacts, this section is where I return to them, test the arguments against new literature or methods, and develop them further.

From Network Analysis to Network Theory

Can network analysis become more than a method and provide a relational theory of how structure shapes power, vulnerability, and international outcomes?

Networks · International Relations Theory · Power · Interdependence · Relationalism

Origin: Theoretical Research Paper

Wargaming & Agent-Based Modelling as Hybrid Epistemic Instruments

What changes when human judgment, computational agents, simulation, and adjudication are combined inside the same strategic inquiry?

Wargaming · ABM · Simulation · Human–Machine · Epistemology

Origin: Long-Form Research Article

Inferring the Unknowns: A Network Analysis of Cyber Incidents

Can the structure surrounding missing cyber-incident data tell us something about what remains unknown?

Cyber · Network Analysis · Missing Data · Computational Methods · Uncertainty

Origin: Course Paper


Geopolitical Commentary

Shorter analysis of contemporary geopolitical developments

Not every question requires a research project.

This section contains shorter commentary on geopolitical developments where the concepts, theories, or methods that shape my research offer a useful way of looking at current events.

The aim is analytical rather than reactive: fewer attempts to comment on everything that happens, and more pieces where there is a specific argument worth making.

One Month In, Iran has Shifted the War from Missiles to Markets (April 2026)

From Liberal Order to Power Politics: What the Iran War Reveals About World Politics (March 2026)

Reflection on the Escalation between the US, Israel and Iran (February 2026)


External Publications

  • The External Politics of the Israel-Hamas War (2025)
    EPIS ThinkTank
    Why does the Gaza war persist despite international efforts to end it? Regional powers exploit the Gaza conflict to advance strategic interests, fueling its continuation. Only by reshaping regional incentives and fostering genuine cooperation can the cycle of violence be broken.
  • The Eastern Mediterranean as Transmission Belt (2026)
    EPIS ThinkTank
    Why is a region linking multiple geopolitical systems persistently underdiscussed? The Eastern Mediterranean functions as a systemic transmission belt structured by a maritime–energy nexus across sub-, system-, and supra-levels. Neglecting its connective structure increases the risk of cross-regional spillover and strategic surprise.
  • PDSF 2026: Sovereignty in an Age of Disruption (2026)
    EPIS ThinkTank
    How can sovereignty be protected in a volatile, disrupted world? Power now depends on resilience, partnerships, chokepoints, and institutions able to challenge their own assumptions. Sovereignty today cannot mean isolation; it requires strong alliances, diversified dependencies, diplomacy, and honest debate.
  • Rethinking Enlargement for a New Age of the EU (2026)
    EPIS ThinkTank
    How can the EU reconcile the strategic necessity for swift neighborhood integration with its slow, legally rigid binary accession machinery? The EU must adopt a layered enlargement model that establishes a dual-track framework, allowing candidate states to participate in sector-specific policies before achieving full membership. This dual-track approach satisfies immediate geopolitical demands while preserving necessary constitutional safeguards.
  • From Unipolarity to À la Carte: The New Face of Diplomacy (2025)
    European Relations Association

Across the Writing

The sections above describe different kinds of output, not separate intellectual projects.

A course-derived research note may develop into a research proposal. A research proposal may become a longer article. A methodological experiment may feed into the handbook. A geopolitical commentary may expose a question worth pursuing academically.

Across those formats, the same research directions recur.

01 – Wargaming, AI & Simulation

03 – AI & Intelligence Analysis

05 – LLMs & Policy Analysis

07 – Philosophy of Computational Social Science

02 – Network Analysis & International Relations

04 – Human-Machine Collaboration

06 – NetLogo & Agent-Based Modelling

08 – The Methodological Triangle

The purpose of this page is not simply to collect things I have written. It is to show how ideas move: from reading to questions, from questions to methods, from methods to research, and from research back into strategic problems.